Edward Cerullo's Sample PHP Code Page

Operators for Comparison

Operator	Description	True/False	Example ($v is 4)	Result
==	Equivalent	True when the left side is equivalent to right side.	$v == 5	False
!=	Not Equivalent	True when the left side is not equivalent to the right side.	$v != 5	True
===	Identical	True when the left side is equivalent to the right side, and they are the same type.	$v === 4	True
	Not Identical	True when the left side is equivalent to the right side, and they are not the same type.	$v === "4"	False
>	Greater Than	True when the left side is greater than the right side.	$v > 4	False
>=	Greater Than or Equal To	True when the left side is greater than or equal to the right side.	$v >= 4	True
<	Less Than	True when the left side is less than the right side.	$v < 4	False
<=	Less Than or Equal To	True when the left side is less than or equal to the right side.	$v <= 4	True

Logical Operators

Operator	Description	True/False	Example	Result
¦ or or	Or	Left side or right side is true.	true ¦¦ false / true or false	True
xor	Xor	Left side or right side is true, however, not both sides.	true xor false	False
&& or and	And	Left side and right side are both true.	true && false / true and false	False
!	Not	The operand is not true.	! something	False

PHP Code examples

Simple message

<?php $welcome = "Hello there..."; echo $welcome; ?>

Define of a Constant

<?php define("MY_NAME", "Edward Cerullo"); echo "My name is ".MY_NAME; ?>

If statements are just like other languages

<?php If ($varday == "Monday") { echo "Today is the first day of the work week"; } elseif ($varday == "Wednesday") { echo "Today is hump day"; } else { echo $varday." is just another day."; } ?>

Here's for a loop

<?php for ($num = 1; $num <= 10; $num = $num + 1) { echo "Start: "; if ($num <= 9) { echo $num . ", "; } else { echo $num . " The End."; } }; ?>

Here's a foreach loop.

<?php $langs = array("English", "Danish", "Norwegian", "Swedish", "Finnish"); foreach ($langs as $lang) { echo "<li>$lang</li>"; } unset($lang); ?>

Two For loops, with some formatting using the dreaded backslash: \

<?php echo "<table style = \"border: 2px solid blue;\"> \n"; for ($x = 1; $x <= 12; $x = $x + 1) { echo "<tr> \n"; for ($y = 1; $y <= 12; $y = $y + 1) { echo "<td style =\"border: 2px solid red; width: 25px; padding 5px; text-align: center; \">"; echo ($x * $y); echo "</td> \n"; } echo "</tr> \n"; } echo "</table> \n"; ?>

HTML to PHP and back

<!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <meta charset="ISO-8859-1"> <title>For PHP called from and returning to HTML</title> </head> <body> <?php if (0 < 1) { ?> <table style = "border: 2px solid green;"> <tr> <td style = "border: 2px solid black; width: 50px; padding 5px; text-align: center; ">; <h2>Rushka!</h2>; </td> </tr> </table> <?php } ?> </body> </html>

Simple array into a list with a foreach.

<?php $wordsArray = array("One ", "Two ", "Three ", "Four ", "Five ", "Six "); foreach ($wordsArray as $word) { echo "<li>$word</li>"; } unset($word); ?>

While loop.

<?php //Add while loop below $x = 1; while ($x <= 50) { echo "Counter: $x <br>"; $x = x + 1; } echo "That's all folks!"; ?>

And a Do While loop example.

<?php //write your do-while loop below $counter = 0; do { echo "Looping..."; } while ($counter > 1); ?>

String handling

<?php // Get a partial string // and print it to the screen $firstName = substr("Edward Angelo Cerullo", 0,6); print $firstName ?> </p> <p> <?php // Make string upper case and print it to the screen $allUpper = strtoupper("Edward Angelo Cerullo"); print $allUpper; ?> </p> <p> <?php // Make your name lower case and print it to the screen all in one statement print strtolower("Edward Angelo Cerullo"); ?> </p> <p> <?php // letter position in string strpos("Edward","w"); ?> </p>

Rounding numbers.

$round = round(111.11); print $round; $round2 = round(123456.789021234,3); print $round2; <?php // Use your knowledge of strlen(), substr(), and rand() to // print a random character from your name to the screen. $myName = "Edward Angelo Cerullo"; $lenName = strlen($myName); $randomNumber = rand(1,$lenName+1); print "Random number is " . $randomNumber . " which is "; print substr($myName, $randomNumber-1, 1); ?>

Array handling -- counting elements and sorting them

<?php // Create an array and push 5 elements on to it, then // print the number of elements in your array to the screen $numbers = array("one", "two", "three", "four", "five"); array_push($numbers, "six"); print count($numbers); ?> $numbers = array("one", "two", "three", "four", "five"); array_push($numbers, "six"); sort($numbers); also rsort($numbers); print join(", ", $numbers);

More array handling

<?php // Create an array and push on the names // of your closest family and friends $names = array("Bob", "Carol", "Ted", "Alice", "Marsha", "Peter"); array_push($names, "Bobby"); // Sort the list sort($names); // Randomly select a winner! $select = rand(0, count($names)); print strtoupper($names[$select]); // Print the winner's name in ALL CAPS ?>

Function format.

function funcName() { } <?php function aboutMe($name, $age) { print "Hello! My name is " . $name . ", and I am " . $age . " years old."; } aboutMe("Edward", 55); ?>

Variables -- global and local

<?php $varname = "Edward"; function whatsMyName() { global $varname; $varage = 55; print "Hello, ".$varname." you are ".$varage." years old."; } whatsMyName(); ?> <?php $num_of_calls = 0; function numberedHeading($txt) { global $num_of_calls; $num_of_calls = $num_of_calls + 1; echo"<h2>".$num_of_calls." ".$txt."<h2"; } numberedHeading("Ford -- Found on Road Dead"); echo "<p>...Or is it First on Race Day?"; numberedHeading("ALITALIA -- Always Late in Takeoff, Always Late in Arrival"); echo "<p>...Or is it TWA -- Top Wop Aboard?"; ?> <?php // This doesn't seem to work as the book says it should. function numberedHeading($txt) { static $num_of_calls = 0; $num_of_calls = $num_of_calls + 1; echo"<h2>".$num_of_calls." ".$txt."<h2"; } numberedHeading("Ford -- Found on Road Dead"); echo "<p>...Or is it First on Race Day?"; numberedHeading("ALITALIA -- Always Late in Takeoff, Always Late in Arrival"); echo "<p>...Or is it TWA -- Top Wop Aboard?"; ?>

Array Functions

Name	Description	Example
count() and sizeof()	Returns the number of members.	count($myOldArray)
each() and list()	Returns the contents of members.	See foreach
foreach()	For reading through an array.	foreach ($myOldArray as $c) while(list($k, $v) = each ($c)) { echo "$k ... $v "; } }
array_keys()	Returns all the key names in an array.	$myKeysArray = array_keys($someArray);
array_merge()	Merges two arrays.	$myNewArray = array_merge($myOldArray1, $myOldArray2);
array_pop()	Destructively reads the last member of an array. See also array_shift.	$myLastMember = array_pop($myOldArray)
array_push()	Adds one (or more!) member to the end of an array.	array_push($myOldArray, "newelement1", "newelement2", "newelement3",)
reset()	Sets the pointer to the beginning.	reset($myOldArray)
shuffle()	FUBARs an array.	shuffle($myOldArray)
array_shift()	Destructively reads the first member of an array. See also array_pop.	$myFirstMember = array_pop($myOldArray)
array_unshift()	Adds one (or more!) member to the end of an array. See also array_push().	array_unshift($myOldArray, "newelement1", "newelement2", "newelement3",)

Word Jumble from an array

<?php $wordArray = array("now ", "is ", "the ", "time ", "for ", "all ", "good ", "men ", "to ", "come ", "to ", "the", "aid ", "of ", "their ", "country"); shuffle($wordArray); foreach ($wordArray as $word) { echo $word; }; unset($word); ?>

The concatenation operator is a full stop. That's different.

<?php echo "Now " . "is " . "the time for all good men to come to the aid of their country"; ?>

And you can do math with echo.

<?php echo 17 * 123; ?>

Symbols in PHP

// For comments > Greater than < Less than <= Less than or equal to >= Greater than or equal to == Equal to != Not equal to

And a Switch statement. With or without braces.

<?php $value = 2 switch ($value) { case 0: echo 'The value is 0'; break; case 1: echo 'The value is 1'; break; case 2: echo 'The value is 2'; break; default: echo "The value isn't 0, 1 or 2"; } $value = 2 switch ($value): case 0: echo 'The value is 0'; break; case 1: echo 'The value is 1'; break; case 2: echo 'The value is 2'; break; default: echo "The value isn't 0, 1 or 2"; endswitch; ?>

Syntax for overriding a class

<?php class Vehicle { public function honk() { return "HONK HONK!"; } }; // Add your code below! class Bicycle extends Vehicle { public function honk() { return "Beep beep!"; } }; $bicycle = new Bicycle(); echo $bicycle->honk(); ?>

Static syntax

class King { public static function proclaim() { echo "A kingly proclamation!"; } } echo King::proclaim(); Without even creating an instance of the class! (WTF is this ever used for in a business application?)

PHP Functions (from the PHP.net page)

Affecting PHP's Behaviour

APC — Alternative PHP Cache
APD — Advanced PHP debugger
bcompiler — PHP bytecode Compiler
BLENC — Blenc - BLowfish ENCoder for PHP source scripts
Error Handling — Error Handling and Logging
htscanner — htaccess-like support for all SAPIs
inclued — Inclusion hierarchy viewer
Memtrack
OPcache
Output Control — Output Buffering Control
PHP Options/Info — PHP Options and Information
runkit
scream — Break the silence operator
uopz
Weakref — Weak References
WinCache — Windows Cache for PHP
Xhprof — Hierarchical Profiler

Audio Formats Manipulation

ID3 — ID3 Tags
KTaglib
oggvorbis — OGG/Vorbis
OpenAL — OpenAL Audio Bindings

Authentication Services

KADM5 — Kerberos V
Radius

Command Line Specific Extensions

Ncurses — Ncurses Terminal Screen Control
Newt
Readline — GNU Readline

Compression and Archive Extensions

Bzip2
LZF
Phar
Rar — Rar Archiving
Zip
Zlib — Zlib Compression
Credit Card Processing
MCVE — MCVE (Monetra) Payment
SPPLUS — SPPLUS Payment System

Cryptography Extensions

Crack — Cracklib
Hash — HASH Message Digest Framework
Mcrypt
Mhash
OpenSSL
Password Hashing
Database Extensions
Abstraction Layers
Vendor Specific Database Extensions

Date and Time Related Extensions

Calendar
Date/Time — Date and Time
HRTime — High resolution timing

File System Related Extensions

Direct IO
Directories
Fileinfo — File Information
Filesystem
Inotify
Mimetype
Proctitle
xattr
xdiff

Human Language and Character Encoding Support

Enchant — Enchant spelling library
FriBiDi
Gender — Determine gender of firstnames
Gettext
iconv
intl — Internationalization Functions
Multibyte String
Pspell
Recode — GNU Recode

Image Processing and Generation

Cairo
Exif — Exchangeable image information
GD — Image Processing and GD
Gmagick
ImageMagick — Image Processing (ImageMagick)

Mail Related Extensions

Cyrus — Cyrus IMAP administration
IMAP — IMAP, POP3 and NNTP
Mail
Mailparse
vpopmail

Mathematical Extensions

BC Math — BCMath Arbitrary Precision Mathematics
GMP — GNU Multiple Precision
Lapack
Math — Mathematical Functions
Statistics
Trader — Technical Analysis for Traders

Non-Text MIME Output

FDF — Forms Data Format
GnuPG — GNU Privacy Guard
haru — Haru PDF
Ming — Ming (flash)
PDF
PS — PostScript document creation
RPM Reader — RPM Header Reading

Process Control Extensions

Eio
Ev
Expect
Libevent

PCNTL — Process Control

POSIX
Program execution — System program execution
pthreads
Semaphore — Semaphore, Shared Memory and IPC
Shared Memory
Sync

Other Basic Extensions

GeoIP — Geo IP Location
FANN — FANN (Fast Artificial Neural Network)
JSON — JavaScript Object Notation
Judy — Judy Arrays
Lua
Misc. — Miscellaneous Functions
Parsekit
SPL — Standard PHP Library (SPL)
SPL Types — SPL Type Handling
Streams
Tidy
Tokenizer
URLs
V8js — V8 Javascript Engine Integration
Yaml — YAML Data Serialization
Yaf — Yet Another Framework
Taint

Other Services

chdb — Constant hash database
cURL — Client URL Library
Event
FAM — File Alteration Monitor
FTP
Gearman
Gopher — Net Gopher
Gupnp
HTTP
Hyperwave API
LDAP — Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
Memcache
Memcached
mqseries MQ Series
Network
RRD — RRDtool
SAM — Simple Asynchronous Messaging
SNMP
Sockets
SSH2 — Secure Shell2
Stomp — Stomp Client
SVM — Support Vector Machine
SVN — Subversion
TCP — TCP Wrappers
Varnish
YAZ
YP/NIS
0MQ messaging — ZMQ

Search Engine Extensions

mnoGoSearch
Solr — Apache Solr
Sphinx — Sphinx Client
Swish — Swish Indexing

Server Specific Extensions

Apache
FastCGI Process Manager
IIS — IIS Administration
NSAPI
Session Extensions
Msession — Mohawk Software Session Handler Functions
Sessions — Session Handling
Session PgSQL — PostgreSQL Session Save Handler

Text Processing

BBCode — Bulletin Board Code
PCRE — Regular Expressions (Perl-Compatible)
POSIX Regex — Regular Expression (POSIX Extended)
ssdeep — ssdeep Fuzzy Hashing
Strings

Variable and Type Related Extensions

Arrays
Classes/Objects — Class/Object Information
Classkit
Ctype — Character type checking
Filter — Data Filtering
Function Handling
Quickhash
Reflection
Variable handling

Web Services

OAuth
SCA
SOAP
Yar — Yet Another RPC Framework
XML-RPC

Windows Only Extensions

COM — COM and .Net (Windows)
win32ps
win32service

XML Manipulation

DOM — Document Object Model
libxml
SDO — Service Data Objects
SDO-DAS-Relational — SDO Relational Data Access Service
SDO DAS XML — SDO XML Data Access Service
SimpleXML
WDDX
XMLDiff — XML diff and merge
XML Parser
XMLReader
XMLWriter
XSL

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